{"id":191,"date":"2020-11-08T20:37:20","date_gmt":"2020-11-08T20:37:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/?p=191"},"modified":"2020-12-21T23:28:38","modified_gmt":"2020-12-21T23:28:38","slug":"kiowa-history-in-pictures-kiowa-calendars","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/kiowa-history-in-pictures-kiowa-calendars\/","title":{"rendered":"Kiowa History in Pictures"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"boldgrid-section\">\n<div class=\"container\">\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-md-12 col-xs-12 col-sm-12\">\n<p class=\"\">Most Plains Indian Tribe&#8217;s history were in oral traditions; told and shared from one generation to the next. Of the Plains Indians, only four tribes; the Kiowa, Lakota, Blackfeet and Mandan added to their oral storytelling tradition with picture markings of significant events that occurred to the tribe.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>The tribes recorded their history in pictures.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\"><em><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Sai-Guat<\/span><\/em><\/h3>\n<p class=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kiowatribe.org\/\">The Kiowas<\/a>&nbsp;called their picture recordings S<em>ai-Guat,&nbsp;<\/em>Winter Marks. <em>Sai <\/em>is the Kiowa word for year. A year goes from winter to winter. <em>Guat&nbsp;<\/em>was the Kiowa word for markings and eventually writing.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">While most tribes noted a single event per year, the Kiowa\u2019s picture calendars documented two events each year; one for summer and another for winter.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">The calendar became a physical document used for time placements, memory aids and starting points for tribal linked stories.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Rather than using sequential numbers like the Western Calendar system, each entry was a significant event that marked and named the season. For example, the Winter of 1833-34 is recorded as \u201cWinter the Night Stars Fell\u201d.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"col-md-12 col-xs-12 col-sm-12\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_193\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-193\" style=\"width: 313px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-193\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/star_fell-585x1024.png\" alt=\"Winter marking \u201cThe Night Stars Fell\u201d\" width=\"313\" height=\"548\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/star_fell-585x1024.png 585w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/star_fell-171x300.png 171w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/star_fell-300x525.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/star_fell-250x438.png 250w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/star_fell-550x963.png 550w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/star_fell-103x180.png 103w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/star_fell-286x500.png 286w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/star_fell.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 313px) 100vw, 313px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-193\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">1833-34 Winter Marking \u201cThe Night Stars Fell\u201d<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"\">Dohason\u2019s winter marking of \u201cThe Night Stars Fell\u201d matched with Western history\u2019s winter of 1833-34 when all on the Great Plains woke to a meteorite shower that lit the night.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Kiowa Calendars Provide an Insider&#8217;s View<\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"\">The Dohason and Anko Calendars recorded a crucial time in Kiowa history. Dohason began his calendar five years before the tribe\u2019s first treaty with the United States in 1837 and extends thirteen years beyond the Kiowa\u2019s tragic &#8220;Horse-Eating Winter&#8221; documenting the year buffalos were exterminated from the Plains.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\">The Dohason Calendar<\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">The Dohason Calendar is the oldest sequential recording of Kiowa history.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Started by Chief&nbsp;<em>Dohason<\/em>, Little Bluff. He chronicled the tribe\u2019s history from 1832 to the Winter of his death in 1865-66. He started it soon after the Kiowa\u2019s great migration to Oklahoma. Dohason worried that future Kiowas would forget their distant past in the North Country.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Using pictures on a hide to record historical events was new to the tribe, but quickly embraced.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_192\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-192\" style=\"width: 2224px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-192\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/dohason.png\" alt=\"Dohason Calendar\" width=\"2224\" height=\"1838\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/dohason.png 2224w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/dohason-300x248.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/dohason-1024x846.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/dohason-768x635.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/dohason-1536x1269.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/dohason-2048x1693.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/dohason-850x702.png 850w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/dohason-250x207.png 250w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/dohason-550x455.png 550w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/dohason-800x661.png 800w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/dohason-218x180.png 218w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/dohason-363x300.png 363w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/dohason-605x500.png 605w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2224px) 100vw, 2224px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-192\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dohason Calendar: Kiowa history in pictures<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"\">The Dohason Calendar begins at the lower right-hand corner and spirals inward, ending in the center.&nbsp;The pictographs tell Kiowa stories through name-glyphs, prominent figures, armed blue soldiers, chained Kiowas and burning tipis.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\">Anko Calendar<\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"\">Another Kiowa calendar was created by <em>Ankopa-ingyadete<\/em> meaning &#8220;In The Middle of Many Tracks&#8221;,&nbsp;abbreviated to Anko. His Calendar chronicled the tribe\u2019s final battles, relentless pursuit by calvary and early struggles on reservation life.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-248\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/cal4.tif\" alt=\"Anko Calendar\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Anko&#8217;s Calendar is read down the middle, from left to right. Each year is noted by a black bar. Winter events are below the bar and Summer above the bar with a buffalo head representing the tribe\u2019s Summer Sundance.&nbsp;Along the sides are additional monthly chronicles shown by a crescent moon and that month\u2019s significant event.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Anko\u2019s picture recordings covered Kiowa history from 1863 to 1892.&nbsp;His calendar showed a culture in transition, from free life in Kiowa Country to survival as prisoners of war.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Both calendars were used in tribe gatherings for extended storytelling. A &nbsp;pictured event sparked memories in other tribe members leading to more stories, linking family to family, generation to generation.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">In this way Kiowas always know who they are, what they have survived and what it is to be Kiowa.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">C. E. Rowell<\/span><\/h3>\n<figure id=\"attachment_246\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-246\" style=\"width: 1344px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-246\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/artist_desk.png\" alt=\"Kiowa Artist and Historian C. E. Rowell \" width=\"1344\" height=\"1662\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/artist_desk.png 1344w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/artist_desk-243x300.png 243w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/artist_desk-828x1024.png 828w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/artist_desk-768x950.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/artist_desk-1242x1536.png 1242w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/artist_desk-300x371.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/artist_desk-850x1051.png 850w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/artist_desk-250x309.png 250w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/artist_desk-550x680.png 550w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/artist_desk-800x989.png 800w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/artist_desk-146x180.png 146w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/artist_desk-404x500.png 404w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1344px) 100vw, 1344px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-246\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kiowa Artist and Historian C. E. Rowell<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"\">My Grandfather, C. E Rowell, was a Keeper of the two Calendars. Grandpa served as the tribe&#8217;s historian and was responsible for recounting the tribe&#8217;s history. He used the calendars to start stories at various gatherings.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Like Dohason before him, Grandpa preserved Kiowa oral history in a new way. He added Kiowa history to his art.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Rowell&#8217;s vivid water color paintings depicted historical events and showed the tribe in authentic colors, traditional regalia and every day activities.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-12 col-xs-12 col-sm-12\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_244\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-244\" style=\"width: 1378px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-244\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.35.58-PM.png\" alt=\"Kiowa Fancy Dancer\" width=\"1378\" height=\"1844\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.35.58-PM.png 1378w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.35.58-PM-224x300.png 224w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.35.58-PM-765x1024.png 765w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.35.58-PM-768x1028.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.35.58-PM-1148x1536.png 1148w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.35.58-PM-300x401.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.35.58-PM-850x1137.png 850w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.35.58-PM-250x335.png 250w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.35.58-PM-550x736.png 550w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.35.58-PM-800x1071.png 800w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.35.58-PM-135x180.png 135w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.35.58-PM-374x500.png 374w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1378px) 100vw, 1378px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-244\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kiowa Fancy Dancer Seeking a Vision<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_238\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-238\" style=\"width: 960px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-238\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.02.16-PM.png\" alt=\"Buffalo Hunt\" width=\"960\" height=\"848\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.02.16-PM.png 960w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.02.16-PM-300x265.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.02.16-PM-768x678.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.02.16-PM-850x751.png 850w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.02.16-PM-250x221.png 250w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.02.16-PM-550x486.png 550w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.02.16-PM-800x707.png 800w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.02.16-PM-204x180.png 204w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.02.16-PM-340x300.png 340w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.02.16-PM-566x500.png 566w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-238\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kiowa Warrior on a Buffalo Hunt<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_239\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-239\" style=\"width: 1064px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-239\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.03.51-PM.png\" alt=\"Kiowa Woman and Child\" width=\"1064\" height=\"852\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.03.51-PM.png 1064w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.03.51-PM-300x240.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.03.51-PM-1024x820.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.03.51-PM-768x615.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.03.51-PM-850x681.png 850w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.03.51-PM-250x200.png 250w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.03.51-PM-550x440.png 550w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.03.51-PM-800x641.png 800w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.03.51-PM-225x180.png 225w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.03.51-PM-375x300.png 375w, https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Screen-Shot-2020-12-21-at-12.03.51-PM-624x500.png 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1064px) 100vw, 1064px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-239\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kiowa Woman and Child<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"\">C. E. Rowell&#8217;s art is seen in museums and galleries across the Nation, including the Smithsonian National Museum.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Check back to learn more on C. E. Rowell and his paintings of Kiowa history in future blogs.<\/p>\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\">Read more <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dmrowell.com\/blog\/\"><strong>Stories from Kiowa Grandparents <\/strong>here<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Most Plains Indian Tribe&#8217;s history were in oral traditions; told and shared from one generation to the next. Of the Plains Indians, only four tribes; the Kiowa, Lakota, Blackfeet and Mandan added to their oral storytelling tradition with picture markings of significant events that occurred to the tribe. The tribes recorded their history in pictures&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"bgseo_title":"","bgseo_description":"","bgseo_robots_index":"index","bgseo_robots_follow":"follow","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[21,7,19,22,20],"class_list":["post-191","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-anko-calendar","tag-dohason-calendar","tag-kiowa-calendar","tag-kiowa-history-in-pictures","tag-kiowa-picture-history"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kiowa History in Pictures | D. M. Rowell Storytelling<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Great Plains tribe, the Kiowa recorded their History in pictures. 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